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PrincipleA
Principles of Pulsed Ablation
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a biologically induced effect generated by electrical energy. When cells are exposed to high-voltage electric fields delivered in short pulses, the permeability of the cell membrane to ions and macromolecules increases, forming nanoscale pores. This enhances the exchange of substances between the inside and outside of the cell—a phenomenon known as "electroporation." Electroporation can be either reversible or irreversible. Under specific conditions (such as extremely high electric field intensity), the increase in permeability becomes permanent. The resulting pores disrupt the balance between the intracellular and extracellular environments, ultimately leading to cell apoptosis or necrosis, which is termed "irreversible electroporation."
Porcine Liver Ablation Pathology Images

Porcine Liver Ablation Pathology Images

Working Principle Diagram

Working Principle Diagram

Pioneera
the pioneering leader in IRE technology
Professor Yao pioneered the theory of tumor electroporation twenty years ago
Globally Recognized
In 2000, Professor Yao Chenguo was the first internationally to propose a novel method for tumor ablation using high-voltage, ultra-short pulsed electric field-induced irreversible electroporation (IRE) and elucidated its underlying bioelectromagnetic mechanisms

In 2004, the first international academic journal paper on killing tumor cells with pulsed electric fields was published in IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, igniting a research surge in pulsed electric field tumor therapy both domestically and globally

Professor Rubinsky, an internationally renowned electroporation expert from the University of California, Berkeley, followed up with related research and collaborated with AngioDynamics to invest in producing the world's first commercial pulsed electric field tumor therapy device—the Nanoknife.
Professor Yao Chenguo
Professor Rubinsky

Professor Rubinsky

Professor Rubinsky's book

Professor Rubinsky's book

In his monograph Irreversible Electroporation, Professor Rubinsky Boris extensively cites and evaluates the work with the following passage:

"Yao proposed a specific pulsed electric field to kill tumor cells and inhibit their growth, marking the world's first application of irreversible electroporation as a tissue ablation technology in the field of tumor therapy."

C. Yao, et al. lEEE Transaction on Plasma Science 2004 32(4)
B. Rubinsky. lrreversible electroporation [M|. Springer Science & Business Media, 2009.

innovation
We continually lead the innovation in IRE technology
For over two decades, Professor Yao's team has been dedicated to advancing the development of pulsed electric field tumor therapy systems, continuously optimizing and achieving iterative updates of IRE ablation technology, thereby leading the direction of industrial and technological transformation in the field of pulsed electric field tumor therapy.
2000

First to Propose Irreversible Electroporation for Tumor Ablation

2004

Published the World's First Academic Research Paper

<p>China's First (Unipolar) Pulsed Electric Field Tumor Therapy Prototype (First Generation)</p>
2013

China's First (Unipolar) Pulsed Electric Field Tumor Therapy Prototype (First Generation)

<p>World's First (Bipolar) Pulsed Electric Field Tumor Therapy Clinical Prototype (Second Generation)</p>
2016

World's First (Bipolar) Pulsed Electric Field Tumor Therapy Clinical Prototype (Second Generation)

<p>World's First Coordinated Electroporation-Based Tumor Ablation System “WKnife” (Third Generation)</p>
2020

World's First Coordinated Electroporation-Based Tumor Ablation System “WKnife” (Third Generation)

advantage
Integration of Technical Advantages Pulsed Electric Fields

Electroporation Technology

01

Microsecond Pulsed Technology

02

Nanosecond pulsed Technology

03

Composite Pulsed Energy Technology

04
Non-Thermal Effect: Effectively prevents unintended damage to surrounding non-target areas caused by heat transfer, thereby reducing certain specific complications and adverse events.
Selective Ablation: It acts exclusively on the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, causing minimal damage to fibrous protein structures such as blood vessels and nerves, making it suitable for ablation in sensitive areas like the hepatic portal.
Multi-Needle: Expands the ablation zone through combined use of multiple needles
Controllable Ablation Zone: Customizable simulation and precision;
Procedure Under Local Anesthesia: Simple operation with reduced side effects from anesthetics.
Sharp Ablation Boundary: A transitional zone exists between the ranges of reversible electroporation and irreversible electroporation, resulting in a clearly defined ablation area.
Promotes Cellular Immunity: Releases intracellular tumor antigens, inducing both local and systemic immune responses.
clinical
Clinical Applications
Currently, IRE technology has undergone clinical trials in the treatment of various tumors and has demonstrated preliminary efficacy. Particularly in the treatment of solid tumors such as those in the liver, kidney, and lung, IRE has shown favorable safety and effectiveness. As the technology continues to mature and devices are further refined, IRE is expected to find applications in the treatment of a broader range of tumor types.
Liver

Liver

Kidney

Kidney

Lung

Lung

Pancreas

Pancreas

Prostate

Prostate